Machine tool



E. F, WHITE I 2,373,155

MACHINE TOOL April 10, 1945.

Filed April 25, 1942 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 n I, N u

I April 1 0, 1945. 7' E. F. WHITE I I 2,373,155 7 MACHINE TOOL Filed April 25, 1942 f 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 April 10, 1945. E. F. WHITE MACHINE TOOL Filed April 25,1942

E. F. WHITE MACHINE TOOL Filed April 25, 19 42 April 10, 1945.

7 Sheets-Sheet 5 I [warm/9 y A m 245 April 10, 1945. E. F. WHITE MACHINE TOOL 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed April 25, 1942 [Ill 19701? E. F. WHITE MACHINE TOOL April 10, 1945.

7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed April 25, 1942 possible.

Patented Apr. 10, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MACHINE TOOL Ezekiel Field White, West Hartford, Conn. Application April 25, 1942, Serial No. 440,463

30 Claims.

tool having improved driving connections between on the spindle and the cam shaft whereby it is made possible to eliminate the gearing heretofore used in such tools and produce an exceedingly simple mechanism. A further object of my invention is to provide such an improved machine tool having {51:5

such improved driving mechanism between the spindle and cam shaft including cooperating eccentric mechanism on the spindle and cooperating overrunning clutch mechanism on the cam shaft and rotatable by said eccentric mechanismuill) whereby the above advantages are obtained at the same time that, through possible adjustments of the eccentric mechanism, a wide variation in cam shaft speed relative to spindle speed is made A still further object of my invention to provide suchcooperating mechanisms having improved associated mechanism controlled by the cam shaft for controlling the gripping and feeding mechanism associated with the spindle. Another object is to provide improved cutting tool operating and controlling mechanism likewise controlled and operated by the cam shaft for adjusting the cutting tools toward and from the work being rotatedby the spindle, and wherein,

proved provision is made for holding each tool against the work upon completion of the tool feeding movement, i..e. without advancing the tool upon the work, in'order to produce accurately while also intermittently feeding the tools, im- 35 round work. Other objects of my invention are 5" to provide improved cooperating controlling mechanism for efiecting speeding up of the rotation of the cam shaft relative to the driving spindie during a part of the cycle of operation of the machine in such manner as markedly to increase production, improved cutting tool carrying and actuating mechanism controlled and operated by the cam shaft for effecting an improved control and operation of a pair of cooperating roughing mechanism for varying the cam shaft speed relative to the spindle speed, and improved manually adjustable operating and controlling mechanisms for efiecting at will manual rotation of the cam andfinishing tools, improved adjustable eccentric spindle and while the spindlecontinues to rotate the work, and an improved selective manual control of the cam shaft drive. These and other objects and advantages of my improvements will, however, hereinafter more fully appear.

In the accompanying drawings, I have shown for purposes of illustration certain embodiments which my invention may assume in practice.

In these drawings:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved machine in use in making bullets; associated conveyor mechanism being shown in operative position beneath the tools; l l i Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the machine with the stock stop structure and the conveyor mechanism removed to facilitate illustration, and also showing the tools in non-cutting position; v

Fig; 3 isan enlarged detail view of the tools and their operatingcams shown in Figure 2 but with the tools in difierent positions and the finishing tool approaching cutting off position;

. Fig. 4 is a detail section'on line 4-4 of Figure 3;

Figzb is a similar view but showing the tools in the position occupied when the roughing tool is operating;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. modified form of'tools; 1

Fig. 7 is a rear elevation of the machine shown in Figure2; I l

Fig. 8- isa detail viewshowing the speeding up mechanism for-the cam shaft when the spring thereof is compressed'and just as the latter is about to effect a speeding up operation;

Fig; 9 is a similar view showing this mechanism in its position at substantially the end of the speeding up operation; v

Fig. 10 isa developed view of the tool feeding 4 but showing a cams controlled by thespeeding up mechanism;

5, Fig. 12a is adetail sectional view on line Has-Hoof Fig. 12; Fig. 13 is a detail section on line I3 l3 of Fig.1;f', V

Fig. 14; is an enlarged lay-out of the cam operatingtheroughing tool; I

Fig. 15 isa like lay-out of the cam operating the finishing and cutting off tool; Fig. 16 is a detail view of a inodified form of adjustable eccentric mechanism on the hub of the shaft independently of its normal drive from the ivi Pulley 0n the pin le h t;

, i 2,373,155 Fig. 17 is an end elevation of Fig. 16, with the erted by the latter on the follower I 4, may be spindle mechanism in section; varied within wide limits, .in such manner as Fig. 18 is a detail section on line |8-l8 of Figthereby to vary the length of the impulses imure17; parted to the cam shaft 1 by the overrunning Fig. 19 is a sectional view of a modified form of clutches l5. Further, it will be apparent that, the overrunning clutch shown in Fig. 12; regardless of the position of' adjustment of these Fig. 20 is a front diagrammatic elevation of a eccentric rings l3 and IS, with the relation of series of machines and their associated supports the two eccentric mechanisms to one another so and conveyor mechanism; maintained that the outer eccentric rings I3 of Fig. 21 is a rear. elevation showing a modified thedifferent eccentric mechanisms will throw out form of speed up mechanism for the cam shaft the different follower arms M at points 180 apart,

drive; a substantially continuous rotation is imparted to Fig. 22 is a sectional view on line 22-22 of Figthe overrunning clutches l5 in such manner as ure 21, and thereby to provide, due to inertia effects, a con- Fig. 23 is an enlarged detail of the modified tinuous rotation of the cam shaft 1.

cam mechanism. h ,4 Referring to the overrunning clutch mecha- In the illustrative construction shown in Fignisms l5, each of the same herein includes an ures 1 to 15, I have shown the machine as in-'--"' outer driving clutch member 23, fixed to the eluding a main skeleton frame I mounted on a lipperend of a follower arm I4, and also an inner suitable support 2 and carrying on the top of the driven clutch member 24 keyed to the shaft l at frame I a motor 3 driving through a belt 4 a 24a and having portions 25 on which the outer pulley 5 fixed to a spindle 6;. improved driving clutch member is journaled, and also having anmechanism' being provided between the longitugularly disposed slots 26 having rollers 21 theredinally disposed spindle 6 and a longitudinally in normally biased toward the small end of the disposed upper cam shaft I, both suitably jour- 25 slots 26 by suitable spring mechanisms 28. Herenaled in spaced uprights la on the frame I and in, three such slot and spring pressed rollers are cooperating as hereinafter described with assoprovided equally spaced around the driven memciated stock gripping and feedin mechanisms ber 24 between the journaled portions 25. Also, and cutting tool operating mechanism, in such each follower arm l4 comprises a pair of rigidly manner that the rotating stock 8 is intermittently '30 connected spaced follower plates 29, suitably confed through the spindle 6 to cooperating roughnected to the driving clutch member 23 as by bolts ing and finishing tools 9 and 10, to form and cut or rivets 30, and extending downwardly and anolf successive finished pieces or bullets ll, all as gularly with'respect tothe member 23 in the rehereinafter more fully described. 'lation shown in Figure 12. As shown, a spring Ref rrin to the impr v d dr vin mechanism '35 3| also biases the follower arm l4 into engagebetween the spindle'G and the camshaft Lit Will ment with the outer surface of its eccentric ring be noted that -I have herein provided a plurality l3 and is suitably connected at its opposite ends of such driving. connections on opposite sides of to a suitable pin 32 on the frame and to a pin 32a the pulley 5. Herein, each of these driving mechcarried by the spaced plates. At its lower end, anisms includesian adjustable eccentric mecha- '40 each follower arm 14 also'carries a suitable cam nism, generally indicated at l2, and including an follower 33, preferably of frictionless type, as, outer eccentric rin l3 and having these outer for example, a ball bearing carried ona pin 34, rings on the two mechanisms l2 so disposed at generally similar to the pin 32a. As a result of .180 relative toone another as, during each-revothis construction, as each eccentric ring I3 lution of the spindle 6, to impart successive outthrows out its cam follower '33, the follower arm ward swinging movements to pivoted clutch fol- H is swung to the right in Figure 12 in such manlower arms M which, in turn, operate overrunner as-thereby to move the outer driving clutch ning clutches I5 carried thereby and operating member 23 counteF-clockwise and thereby-cause .on the cam shaft]. Thus, for each revolution of the rollers 21 to be moved toward the smaller end the spindle 6, the cam shaft 1 is given two rotaof the slots '26 and, accordingly, through their .tive impulses, herein in the counter-clockwise diwedging action connect the driving clutch memrection indicated in Fig. 12, in such manner ber 23 to the driven clutch member 24 to effect as thereby to effect rotation .of the cam shaft-,1 rotation of the shaft 1. i

at the desired reduced speed relative to the spin- -Upon the continuously rotating cam shaft 1, dle 6, determined by the adjustment of the eccenimproved operating cam mechanism, herein intric mechanisms 12. eluding cams '35 and 36 spaced longitudinally on Referring more particularly to the eccentric the shaft 1, is provided for. operating both the mechanisms l2 indicated in full and dotted lines feeding and gripping mechanisms associated with in Figure 12, note that each such mechanism inthe spindle 6,.as hereinafter described, as well as eludes, in addition to the outer eccentric ring improved roughing" and finishing cams 31 and-38 l3, an inner eccentric ring l6, herein suitably for'opera'ting the tools 9 and I0, also longitudiadjustably attached to the spindle 6 as by set nally spaced on cam shaft l. -Herein, these two screws [1, and having its outer eccentric surface sets of cams are provided on opposite extremities l8 engaging the inner eccentric surface IQ of the of the camshaft 1 outside the'upstanding porring I3. Herein, the member 16 has its eccentric tions' la of the frame I and in which portions surface I 8 disposedat the base of a shoulder 20 the shaft 1 is also ,journa1ed. thereon, and further has a reduced threaded por- Referring first to the cams 35 and 36, which tion 2| on which a holding ring 22 is threaded iii operate the feeding and gripping mechanisms, such relation as to clamp thering l3 between note that herein the cam 35 operates the feeding the shoulder 20 and the adjacent fa ceof the hold- 'mechanism and that cam '36 operates thegriping ring 22. As a result of this construction, inping mechanism; Both as shown herein are cluding the two eccentric members 13 and 16, it integrally united and connected by a common will be apparent that by changing the angular sleeve 39 suitably fixed to the shaft 1.,whi1e relation of the rings" and I6, the eccentricity each of these cams is also in the form of a of the ring l3, and consequently the throw exgrooved cam. 'As'shown, cam 35 cooperates with threaded sleeve 81.

a suitable follower 44 carried on a lever 45 piv oted at 46 above a rearward extension 41 on the frame I in which the rear end of the cam shaft is journaled. The lower end of this lever 45 is bifurcatedand carries'pins 48 cooperating in a well known manner with a grooved collar 49 on the rear end of a stock feeding sleeve 58 enclosing the stock andreciprocable longitudinally in the spindle 8 and having usual resilient stock feeding and gripping fingers 5| on the front end of an interchangeable tip 580, threaded into the sleeve ,58. The cam 36 also has a similar follower operated lever 52' pivoted'at 53 below the frame extension 41, and similarly bifurcated at its lower end and connected to a collar 54 reciprocable on the rear end of the spindle 6. A cam and bell-crank mechanism 55 of usual construction" save for the cut-away pins 55a shown in Fig. 13, operates on the rear 'endof a collet tube or sleeve 58 disposed between the stock feeding sleeve 58 and the spindle 6. Asshown, cooperating resilientcollet jaws 5'l,which grip the work in a usual manner, adjacent the tools 9 and iii, are formed on a short interchangeable collet member 58 recessed to receive the front extremity of-the fingers 5| and disposed within the tapered front extremity of the collet sleeve 56. Further, a collar 59 is threaded on the front end of the spindle 6 and has a flange 69 projecting inward in front of a shoulder 8| on the collet jaws 51. As aresult of this construction, when the bell cranks of the mechanism 55 are swinging to push the collet sleeve 58 for ward, the stock is gripped by the jaws 51, while any slight variations in the diameter of the stock are taken care of by the resiliency of the pins 55a, due to the cut away portions therein.

Cooperating with the stock as the same is fed forward by the cam 35, is also an improved stock stop mechanism, generally indicated at 92. Herein, this mechanism includes a socket sleeve 63 having an axial "recess 64 in which the end of the stock is received, andthis socket sleeve 63 carries the inner race of a ball bearing 85, while the outer race thereof is seated in a threaded extension 88 and held in place by a As shown, the stock stop mechanism 62 is interchangeably mounted, as by a pin 88,- on a generally Y-shaped bracket 89' having its lower or vertical portion suitably fixed to a stud 18 parallel to and beneath the spindle and projecting in front of the latter, and also having its upper'branching arms suitably fixed to similar forwardly projecting studs 1|, l2 disposed in parallel relation to the spindle and laterally spaced from one another above the spindle 6 and below the cam shaft 1; these studs 1i and 12 also providing journals between the bracket 69 and the adjacent frame portion la for the cutting tool operating mechanism actuated by the roughing and finishing cams 31 and 38.

Referring to these cams 31 and 3B, and, more particularly, to Figures 14 and 15, note that the cam 31 is disposed in rear of the cam 38, and that the latter is located on the front end of the cam shaft 1, While both cams are suitably adjustably fixed, as by set screws, to the shaft "1. Herein, the roughing cam 3'! has an elongated working face 13 having abruptly curved portions 14 and 15 leading thereto and therefrom on opposite sides of a dwell portion 16. Attention here is also directed to the'fact that the working face 13 between 14 and 15 is'of generally spiral form and gradually approaches a short cylindrical portion 13a, in such manner that when the roughing tool 9 is operated thereby, as hereinafter described, a heavy or so called hogging cut is initially taken, and this cut gradually is reduced until the cylindrical portion 13a is reached, when no appreciable advance of the tool 9 occurs, while the work is trued into round form. The cam 38 has a working face 11 substantially shorter than the working face 13 and also has like abrupt working faces I8 and 19 leading thereto and therefrom at opposite ends of a substantially longer dwell portion 88. Here also the face 11 is spirally disposed and terminates in a cylindrical portion "a similar to the portion 13a and having a like function. Thus, it; will be apparent that, due to the like general conformation of both cams, each will actuate the tools 9 and It! in such manner as gradually to reduce the cut on each tool until the portions 13a, 11a,- are reached, whereupon a minimum or finishing cut is obtained. In connection with these cams, it will be understood that the arrangement of the cams 31 and 38 may be reversed if desired, with, of course, a corresponding reversal of the tools 9 and I0.

Operatively associated with the cams 31 and 38 is also improved tool carrying and operating mechanism for the cutting tools 9 and I8. As shown, the roughing tool 9 is carried on a pivoted tool carrier 81 pivoted on the stud H between the frame portion la and the bracket 69, while the finishing tool I8 is carried on a similar carrier 82 pivoted in a similar position onthe stud l2. 'Herein the two carriers 8| and 82 are biased to the non-cutting position of their tools by a coiled spring 83 connecting the same above the carrier pivots, while the carrier 8| has a cam follower 84 maintained in engagement with the roughing cam 31 by this spring, and the carrier 82 has a similar cam follower 85 similarly maintained in engagement with the finishing cam 38. As shown, the tools 9 and I9 are fixed to depending tool holders Bla, 82a adjustably mounted on the carriers 8i and 82 as hereinafter described and spaced below the pivots of the latter. Herein, the tool 9 is of a type adapted simultaneously to form portions of successive bullets, while the tool it] is of a type adapted to cutoff a leading bullet while finishing the rear extremity thereof, and while finishing the front end of the next following bullet.

Here it will also be noted that improved adjusting means is provided for each of the tools 9 and Ill. The tools, as illustrated, are adjustable in suitable dovetails 86 in the tool holders Bla, 82a and the latter are suitably attached as by bolt and larger hole connections 88 to the lower ends of" the'carriers, while transverse bolts 89 serve to clamp and release the tools in the dovetails on these holders. As shown, the holder 81a is substantially longer than the holder 82a and carries the tool 9 on its lower end below a notch 811) so that the top of the tool 9 is substantially opposite the bottom of the tool l8. Further, the holders are received in transverse slots formed between transverse flanges 9|] on the lower ends of the carriers 8|, 82, and are adjustable in these slots by screws 9| carried on the'fianges 98 and also by screws 92 carried by depending lugs 93 on the carriers 8|, 82 opposite the outer ends of the slots. As shown, depending lugs carrying adjustable screws 95 are also carried on the hubs of carriers 8|, 82 and adapted to engage flats 96 on members vSII carried on the frame portion Ia, and thereby limit the possible inward swinging movement of the carriers and the tools 9 and I carried thereby. Lubricant is also supplied to the tools by suitable pipe connections 98.

It will also be understood'that-the tools used are not necessarily limited to the particular construction illustrated, the particular construction of the same depending upon the work to be per-.

formed thereby. For example, in Figure 6, a modified form of tool is illustrated which is particularly adapted to use in connection with bullets of larger caliber and having a multiple transversely grooved rear end; as distinguished from v tool I0 is essentially similar to the latter save that in this construction the cuttin off portion IOI extends slightly beyond the axis ofthe spindle and is of increased cross-section in such manner as to enable it to cut off the substantially greater amount of metal left by the roughing tool 9a.

In order to enable the machine tool to operate at high speeds, improved bearings are also proprovided for the spindle 6. These, as shown, include an improved ,rear bearing, enerally indi cated at I02, and an improved front bearing, generally indicated at I03. Both of these are of the same general ball bearing type adapted to permit the spindle 6 to rotate freely at high speed. As shown, the bearing I02 includes. like oppositely disposed outer rings or plates I04 suitably fixed to the rear frame upright Ia and enclosing a ball bearing including an outer race I .and also an inner race I06. As shown, the outer race I05 is fixed against rotation in the frame and the inner race I06 is held in place on the spindle S bya threaded holding ringand washer I01 acting to position the inner race relative to a cooperating holding ring I08 abutting a thrust receiving shoulder I08a on thespindle 6 which is inwardly spaced from the adjacent ring I04. The front bearing I03 includes generally similar outer rings or plates I09 fixed to the front frame upright Ia, but instead of havinga single ball bearing, in this bearing I03 a. double ball bearing is providedincluding a plurality. of. adjacent outer races I I0 fixed against rotationin the frame and a plurality of inner races. III suitably positioned on the spindle by a holding ring I I2 similar to the ring I0! and acting to maintainthe front race in operative relation to athrust shoulder I I3 on the spindle 0 and corresponding to theshoulder I08a. Here also a sealing ring H4 is provided between the front plate I09-and the spindlefi.

As a result of these improved bearings and my improved driving mechanism, the speed at which the spindle maybe operatedwithout heating may be very high, the same when working on relatively soft steel, running as high as 2200 R. P. M.

Hence, it is made possible to impart asubstantially continuous rotationto the cam shaft] without appreciable variations in speed dueto the intermittent action of the overrunning-clutches I5. In fact, the drive issuch that the intermittent mpulses developed by-the eccentric mechanisms I2 are so completely ironed out as not to be detectable in the operation ofthe mechanism at any normally high speed of operation thereof, since at even moderate speeds of the cam shaft, the roller clutch will overrun in such manner that only the more rapid part of each impulse of the eccentrics I3 will be imparted to the shaft 1.

To speed up further the operation of the mechanism, improved speeding up mechanism is also provided to speed up the operation of the cam shaft I during the feeding movement of the stock. Reference is here first made to Figure 10, where it will be noted that the cam 31 has a portion 76a, which overlaps a portion a of the cam 30. Since, during the overlap of these two portions 16a and 8011, indicated in the right-hand bracket B in Figure 10, the tools 9 and I0 are stationary or being rapidly advanced into or retracted from cutting position, it is possible to speed up the feeding of the stock during the time interval represented by this bracket. Herein, this is done by providing a crank disc I I5 fixed to the rear end of the cam shaft I and rotatable therewith and carrying a crank pin II6 which is connected to a rod III, the upper end of which passes through a hole H8 in a stud II9 carried on the upper end of an upstanding bracket I20 on the frame extension 41. Herein also a coiled compression spring I2I is disposed between an adjustable abutment I22 carried by the rod III and a fixed abutment provided by the extremity of the stud II9.

As a result of this construction, when the parts assume the position shown in Figure 7 and the crank disc is rotated clockwise as shown therein, the crank pin I I6 moves upward toward the position shown in Figure 8 and the coiled spring I2I is compressed until the dead center position shown in Figure 8 is reached. However, as the pin II6 moves further to the right and off dead center, due to the provision of the overrunning clutch mechanism I5, it is possible for the spring, when released from compression, to impart to the pin H6, and therefore to the cam shaft I, a quick forward rotation during the operation of the stock feeding and gripping mechanisms which occurs in the time interval indicated by the bracket B. In practice, this amounts to such a substantial speeding up of the operation of the stock feeding and gripping mechanisms as to make these mechanisms operatesubstantially instantly, and thereby, in effect, reduce by substantially 23% the time required for a complete cycle of operation of the machine; the tools 9 and I0 thus, in effect, operating continuously, since they begin a new cutting operation substantially simultaneously with the termination of the last preceding cutting off operation.

Improved mechanism is also provided herein whereby it is made possible to disable the power drive and move the mechanism driven by the spindle through a complete cycle of operation manually at a slower speed and as a preliminary to the use of the power drive, in such manner as to be sure that the tool and other adjustments are correct. Herein, this mechanism is hand op-.- erated and includes a disabling mechanism operated by a hand lever I23 and a hand rotating mechanism operated by a hand crank I24 and .connectible to a squared end I25 on the cam shaft 1., The disabling mechanism includes a shaft I26 journaled in the frame portions I a above the shaft 1 and carrying between the portions la a pluralitypf spaced cam members I 21 cooperating with upstanding'ears I28 and I29 on the side plates 29 of the follower arms I4 of the overrunning clutch mechanisms I5. Thus,,whenever the lever I23 is'rotated' counter-clockwise, the cams I21, shwn in their normalor inoperative position inFigure 12, engage the ears I28, I29 in such manner as thereby to swing the follower arms I4 to the right and consequently disengage the followers 33 from the outer eccentric rings I3 and thereby disconnect the power drive to the cam shaft I. Consequently, by then connecting the crank I24 to the latter shaft and rotating this crank, the entire mechanism may be caused to go through a complete cycle of operation at slow speed in such manner that a preliminary check of the timing and operation of all of the mechanisms is made possible, during which any necessary adjustments may be made before the connection of the power.

As a result of my improvements, it is made possible to produce a complete bullet turning machine of such compact construction as to make it possible for fifty or one hundredsuch machines to be disposed in a single bank and thereby markedly facilitate the supply of stock thereto and the handlingof the cuttings and the finished prodnot, while materially reducing labor costs for a given production. In Figure 1, I haveillustrated the support 2 as including a top bench portion I 30 and having supporting legs I3I anda conveyor, generally indicated at I32, extending. along in front of the support and beneath the cutting tools. As shown, the conveyor belt I33 is driven by a pulley I34 rotated by a belt I35 and carried on a shaft I36 journaled in the legs it! while the upper reach of the conveyor moves in a trough I3l,and the lower reach runsunder a top shield I38 Note also that a chamber I39 is provided between the shield I38 and atop support I40 on which the upper conveyor reach I33. moves. In Figure 20, an installation comprising a plurality of adjacent machines is illustrated associated with a common conveyor. Thus,.the cuttings, lubricant, and finished bullets fall onto the upper reach I33 of the conveyonso thatthe cuttings and bullets are carried away by the conveyor I33 and any lubricant passes into the chamber I39, from which it is suitably delivered for cleaning and returned to use.

In the operation of the complete machine, it will be apparent that after the mechanism has been preliminarily operated and adjusted as here tofore described, the stock will be fed and gripped and operated upon by the tools 9 and III, in such manner as successively to form and cut off bullets while partially forming the next following bullets, all as heretofore described in connection with the operation of the component mechanisms, and while markedly increasing the production obtainable from a given investment in equipment and available floor space. I-Iere attention is directed particularly to the fact that,irrespective of the use of an intermittent drive for the tool feed, the long cutting faces on the tools, or the heavy cuts initially taken thereby, it is made possible to produce accurately round work due to the provision of the cylindrical-portions in the tool feeding cams which act to hold the tools against the work without advancing the tools and in such manner as thereby to insure accurate truing of the work into round form; I

In Figures 16 to 18, I- have'shown a modified form of eccentric mechanism. In this construction, instead of :two separate eccentric mechanisms, each of the double ring type and spaced on opposite sides .of the flywheel as heretofore, both of the eccentric mechanisms are of the single ring type and carried on thehub of the flywheel. As shown, each eccentric includes an eccentric' connections I44 is provided with a series of radially located indentations I45, nine being illustrated. Cooperating with these indentations is a toothed washer I46, herein having three teeth I41, selectively receivable in the indentations I45 in different angular positions of the ring I4I relative to its pivot. This washer I46 is clamped in place by a cap screw I48 having a shank extending through the washer and through an elongated slot I49 in the eccentric ring MI and threaded in the hub I43. Thus, at the same time that the structure is simplified and reducedin cost, the eccentric action of the rings I4I may be varied with facility, certainty and uniformity and while the adjusting mechanism is readily accessible and visible, by merely releasing the. screw I48, swinging the ring I4I about its pivot I42, and then again tightening the screw. 1 i

In Figure 19, I have shown a modified form of the overrunning clutch shown in Fig. 12. This construction is essentially similar to that shown therein, save that the number of spring biased rollers has been materially increased, eight being shown. In this construction, it will also be noted that, due to the larger numberof the same, the

angle at which they act has been somewhat increased.

In Figures 21-to 23, a modified form of the speeding up mechanism for the cam shaft 1, has also been shown. In thi construction, a rear cam IZ'Ia, similar to the manually operated cams I 21, is carried on the rear end of shaft I26. However, this cam I2Ia is carried on a hub I5II'which is freely rotatable on shaft I26. This hub I50 also has on the opposite side thereof a laterally and rearwardly extending arm I5! extending through an arcuate slot I5Ia in the adjacent frame portion Ia and carrying a follower I52 on its extremity. This follower I52. in turn, en-

gages both the periphery I53 of the end wall of the cam 36 and a notched operating portion I54. Thus, while the cam 36 rotates clockwise and the follower I52 rides on'the periphery I53 thereof, the rear cam I2Ia will be maintained in engagement with its ear I29. Whemhowever, the follower I52 drops into the notched portion I54, the rear ear I29 will be released in such manner as thereby to reconnect the power drive while the follower I52 remains in the notched portion I54, and thereby speed up the rotation of the cam shaft 1 during the stock feeding and gripping operations. Thus, the rear cam mechanism will be operated intermittently to speed up the shaft I, while the'latter will be driven through only the front drive.

It will be understood that I also contemplate the use, when desired. of other usual forms of ratchet mechanismin lieu of the particular overup mechanism, I may use, if desired, a larger or heavier crank disc than that illustrated in order to obtain greater benefit from inertia, as, for example, utilizing a peripheral flywheel effect.

While I have in this application specifically described certain embodiments which my invention may assume in practice, it will be understood that these are shown for purposes of illustration, and that the invention may be modified and embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims. 1

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaftcontrolling. said mechanisms, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, and driving means including cooperating operatively connected driving mechanisms between said spindle and shaft for generating intermittent rotative impulses for said cam shaft at sufficient speed to transform said impulses into substantially continuous rotation of said shaft.

2.v In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mechanisms, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, cooperating operatively connected driving mechanisms between said spindle and shaft for generating intermittent rotative impulses for said cam shaft, including cam means on said spindle and cam shaft actuating means successively operated thereby to rotate said cam shaft, and means for rotating said spindle at sufficient speed to transform said impulses into substantially continuous rotation of said shaft.

3. In a machine tool, a power driven work ro- V tating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mechanisms; stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, eccentricmechanism rotatable by said spindle, and means for rotating said camshaft intermittently operated by said eccentric mechanism.

4. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mechanisms, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by saidcam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, eccentric mechanism rotatable by said spindle, and overrunning clutch mechanism operated by said eccentric mechanism to rotate said cam shaft.

5. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mechanisms, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, eccentric mechanism rotatable by said spindle and comprising a plurality of angularly related eccentrics, and a plurality of means for rotating said cam shaft and each intermittently operated by a different eccentric to rotate said cam shaft.

6. Ina machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft-controlling said'mechanisms, stock forming and cutting of?- tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, eccentric mechanism rotatable by said spindle having a plurality of angular-1y related eccentrics, and means for rotating said cam shaft including a plurality of overrunning clutch mechanisms each operated by a different eccentric to rotate said .cam shaft.

7. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mechanisms, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, eccentric mechanism rotatable by said spindle having a plurality of angularly related eccentrics, and means for rotating said cam shaft including a plurality of overrunning clutch mechanisms each operated by a different eccentric to rotate said cam shaft, said eccentrics being oppositely located and said overrunning clutches having operating arms alternately operated by said eccentrics.

8. In a machine tool, a power driven work rctating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mechanisms, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, eccentric mechanism rotatable by said spindle having a plurality of angularly related eccentrics, means including a plurality of overrunning clutch mechanisms each operated by a different eccentric for rotating said cam shaft, said eccentrics being oppositely located and said overrunning clutches having operating arms alternately operated by said eccentrics, and means for enabling adjustment of the eccentricity of said eccentrics to vary the cam shaft speed while maintaining them oppositely disposed.

9. In a machine tool, a power driven work r0- tating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mechanisms, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, eccentric mechanism rotatable by said spindle having a plurality of angularly related eccentrics, means including a plurality of overrunning clutch mechanisms each operated by a different eccentric for rotating said cam shaft, said eccentrics being oppositely located and said overrunning clutches having operating arms alternately operated by said eccentrics, and means for enabling adjustment of the eccentricity of said eccentrics to vary the cam shaft speed while maintaining them oppositely disposed, including inner adjustable eccentrics on said spindle and carrying said first mentioned eccentrics.

v 10. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mechanisms, stock forming and cutting oil? tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, eccentric mechanism rotatable by said spindle having a plurality of angularly related eccentrics, means including a plurality of overrunning clutch mechanisms each operated by a different eccentric for rotating said cam shaft, said eccentrics being oppositely located and said overrunning clutches having operating arms alternately operated by said eccentrics, and means for-enabling adjustment of the eccentricity of said eccentrics to vary the cam shaft speed while maintaining them oppositely disposed, including pivots for said eccentrics rotatable with said spindle and means for positioning said eccentrics into different positions about their pivots to vary the eccentricity thereof.

11. In a machine tool, work rotating mechanism, a tool for operating onthe rotating. work therein having an elongated cutting edge bearing on the work and simultaneously forming the rear end of one work piece and the front end of the next, tool feeding mechanism including means for feeding the tool first rapidly into the work and thereafter with a gradually reducing depth of cut and cooperating means operative upon the completion of the feeding operation of said first mentioned means for holding the tool without substantial advancement toward the work, to produce round work, and means for intermittently operating said feeding mechanism to break the chip formed by the tool.

12. In a machine tool, work rotating mechanism, a tool for operating on the rotating work therein, intermittently operated feed operating means, and tool feeding mechanisms including a tool feeding cam intermittently operated by said operating means and having an operating portion for advancing the tool to the work and also having a substantially cylindrical portion operative upon the tool upon the completion of the tool advancing movement for holding the tool against the work without substantial advancement of the tool, to produce round work.

13. In a machine tool, work rotating mechanism. a tool for operating on the rotating work therein, feed operating means rotatable at predetermined variable feeding rates through successive predetermined .cycles, and tool feeding mechanism including a tool feeding cam rotatable by said feed operating means at said variable rates through saidsuccessive cycles and hav ing an operating portion for advancing the tool to the work and also having a substantially cylindrical portion operative upon the tool upon the completion of the tool'advancing movement for holding the tool against the work without substantial advancement of the tool, to produce round work.

14. In a machine tool. work rotating mechanism, roughing and finishing tools for operating on the rotating work therein, each having an elongated cutting edge bearing on the work and simultaneously forming the rear end of one work piece and the front end of the next, and tool feeding mechanism including intermittently perated feed operating means rotatable at predetermined variable feeding rates through successive predetermined cycles, and a separate tool feeding cam for each of said tools intermittently operated by said operating means and rotatable at said variable rates through said successive cycles, each of said cams having an operating portion for advancing the tool to the work and each also having a substantially cylindrical por tion operative upon the :completion of the tool advancing movement for holding the tool against the work without substantial advancement of the tool, to produce round work.

15. In a machine tool, a power driven work 130- tating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mechanisms. stock forming and cutting off tool means op erated by said cam, shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, cooperating operatively connected driving mechanisms on said sh a fts for rotating said cam shaft including, an overrunning clutch, and means for speeding up the rotation of said cam shaft relative to the drive through said clutch during a portion of the cycle of operation of said feeding and grip ping mechanisms.

16. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mechanisms, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said gripping and feeding mechanisms, cooperating operatively connected driving mechanisms on said shaftsfor rotating said cam shaft including an overrunning clutch, and means for speeding up the rotation of said loam shaft relative to the iii drive through said clutch between the end of one cutting operation of said tool means and the beginning of the next cutting operation thereof.

17. In a machine tool, a power driven work -ro talting spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mechanisms, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, cooperating operatively connected driving mechanisms on said shafts for rotating said cam shaft including an overrunning clutch, nd means for speed ing up the rotation of said cam shaft relative to the drive through said clutch including rotatable means carried by said cam shaft and means cooperating with and controlled by said rotatable means for imparting an additional forwardrotative impulse to said cam shaft.

18. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam sh aft controlling said mechanisms, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said gripping and feeding mechanisms, cooperating operatively connected driving mechanisms on said shafts for rotating said cam shaft including an overrunning clutch, and means for speeding up the rotation of said cam shaft relative to the drive through said clutch between the end of one cutting operation of said tool means and the beginning of the next cutting operation thereof,

.- including a crank rotatable with said cam shaft and spring connected means for speeding up the rotation of said crank when the same passes dead center with the spring stressed.

19. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mecha nisms, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said gripping and feeding mechanisms, cooperating operatively connected driving mechanisms on said shafts for rotating said cam shaft including an overrunning clutch, and means for speeding up the rotation of said cam shaft relative to the drive through said clutch between the end of one cutting operation of said 'tool means and the beginning of the next cutting operation thereof, including a notched oam rotatable with said cam shaft and means including a follower movable into the notch therein for imparting an additional forward rotative impulse to said. cam

shaft.

20. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mechanisms, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said gripping nd feeding mechanisms, eccentric mechanism rotatable by said spindle, overrunning clutch mechanism operated by said eccentric mechanism and rotating said cam shaft, and

mechanism for manually rotating said cam shaft to operate said feeding and gripping mechanisms and said tool means while the spindle rotates, including means for temporarily disabling said overrunning clutch mechanism and means for manually rotating said cam shaft while the same are disabled.

21. In a machine tool, a frame, a power driven work rotating spindle thereon, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms thereon, a cam shaft on said frame controlling said mechanisms, a plurality of pivoted toolcarriers having pivot members on said frame between said cam shaft and spindle andalso having spring means biasing said carriers toward the non-cutting position of said carriers, roughing and finishing tools carried on said carriers below said pivot members, coopcrating means on said cam shaft and cam followers on said carriers for feeding said tools to the work, a depending stock stop bracket carried on said pivot members in front of said carriers and fixed to said frame below said spindle, and a freely rotatable stock stopping and receiving member journaled in said bracket and coaxial with the work in said spindle.

22; In a. machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mechanisms, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, and means for driving said cam shaft intermittently from said spindle.

23. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanisms, a cam shaft controlling said mechanisms, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, and means for intermittently rotating said cam shaft.

'24. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, a cam shaft driven from said spindle, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said shaft, an eccentric onsaid spindle, and overrunning clutch mechanism on said cam shaft having a swinging follower carried by said cam shaft and oscillated by said eccentric to actuate said clutch mechanism and rotate the shaft.

25. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, a cam shaft driven from said spindle, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said shaft, a plurality of oppositely disposed eccentrics on said spindle, and a plurality of overrunning clutch mechanisms on said shaft, each of said clutch mechanisms having a swinging follower carried by the shaft and oscillated by one of said eccentrics to actuate its clutch mechanism and rotate the shaft.

26. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanism, a cam shaft controlling said mechanism, stock forming and cutting off too} means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, cooperating operatively connected driving mechanism on said spindle and shaft for rotating the latter from the former, and means for speeding up the rotation of said shaft relatively to that effected by said driving mechanism; I i I 27. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanism, a cam shaft controlling said mechanism, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed'relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, cooperating operatively connected driving mechanism on said spindle and shaft for intermittently rotating the latter, and means for speeding up the rotation of said shaft relatively to that effected by said mechanism. I

28. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanism, a cam shaft controlling said mechanism, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, cooperating operatively connected driving mechanism on said spindle and shaft for intermittently rotatin the latter, and means for speeding up the rotation of said shaft relatively to that effected by said mechanism, said speeding up means comprising an eccentric on said shaft, a spring connected to said eccentric, and said spring being compressed by the rotation of said shaft.

29. In a machine tool, a power driven work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanism, a cam shaft controlling saidmechanism, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, cooperating operatively connected driving mechanism on said spindle and shaft for intermittently rotating the latter, and means for speeding up the rotation of said shaft relatively to that effected by said mechanism, said speeding up means comprising an eccentric on said shaft, a spring connected to said eccentric, and said spring being compressed by the rotation of said shaft, said spring being compressed during one phase of the rotation of said shaft and expanding to impart a rotating impetus to the shaft during another phase of its rotation.

30. In a machine tool, a power driven' work rotating spindle, stock feeding and gripping mechanism a cam shaft controlling said mechanism, stock forming and cutting off tool means operated by said cam shaft in timed relation to said feeding and gripping mechanisms, cooperating operatively connected driving mechanism on said. spindle and shaft for intermittently rotating the latter, and means for speeding up the rotation of said shaft relatively to that effected by said mechanism, said driving mechanism comprising a plurality of overrunning clutches on said shaft. and said speeding up means comprising a controlling member for one of said clutches and cam means on the shaft for actuating said controlling member.

E. FIELD WHITE. 

